Who is the legal owner of the city of Jerusalem?

          Who is the legal owner of the city of Jerusalem? and what does the Qur'an say about the Jews?

        these questions have a long and controversial history, mainly because they are related to religious, cultural, and political issues. I will try to summarize each question from a historical and religious perspective.

1. What does the Qur'an say about the origin of the Jews?

The Qur'an does not clearly define the area that is the origin of the Jews, but it mentions the stories of the Jews as the followers of Moses (Moses) and various events concerning them. there are some verses that refer to the land given to them by God as part of their inheritance, but they do not define a specific area as being their origin.

2. The City of Jerusalem - Whose is it?

historically, the city of Jerusalem has been inhabited by various people, including Canaanites, Jebusites, and later Jews during the time of King David and Suleiman. Native Palestinians have also lived in Jerusalem for a long time, and the city has continued to be important to all three major religions: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.

in ancient history, Jews are associated with Jerusalem due to Jewish texts such as the Tanakh (Old Testament) explaining that the city was the home of the king of Israel, David, and his son Suleiman. The Palestinians, on the other hand, have a history of living on that land for thousands of years, and are descended from communities that were in the Canaan region.

3. Al-Aqsa Mosque and Dome of the Rock – Was there a Suleiman Temple before?

according to Jewish scriptures, the First Temple was built by King Solomon in Jerusalem. This is the temple believed to be on the Temple Mount, where the Dome of the Rock and the Al-Aqsa Mosque are built. The First Temple was destroyed by the Babylonians, and the Second Temple was built later by the Jews, and was destroyed by the Romans in 70 AD. The Dome of the Rock was built in the 7th century AD by Muslims, so this land is sacred to all religions.

4. Wailing Wall – Is it Jewish or Palestinian?

The Western Wall is a part of the outer wall of the Second Jewish Temple. Therefore, historically and religiously, it is more associated with the Jews and that is why it is called the Wailing Wall, where they gather for worship. however, the areas surrounding the wall are part of East Jerusalem, which the Palestinians claim as their territory, so the land has political and cultural conflicts.

5. Did the Jews have black skin?

The history of the Jewish people includes various tribes and origins.Historically, some studies show that the ancient Jews had a mixture of skin color due to living in different places and mixing with other communities in the Middle East, North Africa, and other places. there are groups of Jews like Ethiopian Jews (Beta Israel) who have African origins. Over time, many Jews migrated to various places, including Europe, and integrated the local culture of those places, changing and appearing different in nature.

Modern Israelis: Many of today's Jews have mixed origins from living for several generations in Europe, North Africa, and Central Asia, and this has resulted in genetic and racial diversity among them.

  Regarding the origin of the skin color of the ancient Jews and their relationship with modern Jews:

6. Origin and evolution of Modern Jews:

Modern Jews are the result of a mixture of different races. after the dispersion of the Jews in different areas (diaspora) following the invasion of the Babylonians and later the Romans, they were dispersed in areas such as Europe (Ashkenazi), North Africa (Sephardi), and the Middle East. these social, geographic, and temporal differences affected the appearance of modern Jews, and that is why there are white-skinned Jews, middle-skinned Jews, and even African Jews (like Ethiopian Jews).

7. If the ancient Jews had dark skin:

Historically, many ancient societies in the Middle East, including the Israelites, had different colors. genetic and social history studies show that those in the Middle East and North Africa region usually had medium to dark skin. migration, trade, and intermarriage with neighboring tribes also contributed to racial diversity within the Jewish community over the centuries.

8. African Jews and Modern Israelis:

The Jews of Ethiopia (Beta Israel) and other African communities believe that they have a close relationship with the ancient Jews, and there are studies that show that they have a genetic relationship with the Jews of the Middle East. this means that it is possible that the ancient Jews had a color combination that could be similar to dark-skinned people. Ashkenazi Jews (Eastern Europe) and Sephardi (North Africa and Spain) are different in nature, mainly due to the nature of the places where they grew up for several generations and the mixture of generation and the inhabitants of those places.

In general, these issues are complex, and involve not only history, but also religious identity, and the ongoing political crisis.

   

                            ( Swahili)

     Nani mmiliki halali wa  mji wa Yerusalemu? Na Qran inasema nini kuhusu wayahudi?

    

         

Maswali haya yana historia ndefu na yenye migogoro, hasa kwa sababu yanahusiana na masuala ya kidini, kiutamaduni, na kisiasa. Nitajitahidi kutoa muhtasari wa kila swali kwa mtazamo wa kihistoria na dini.

1. Je, Qur'an inasema nini kuhusu asili ya Wayahudi?

Qur'an haijafafanua waziwazi eneo ambalo ni asili ya Wayahudi, lakini inataja hadithi za Wayahudi kama wafuasi wa Musa (Moses) na matukio mbalimbali yanayowahusu. Kuna baadhi ya aya ambazo zinarejelea ardhi waliyopatiwa na Mungu kama sehemu ya urithi wao, lakini hazifafanui eneo maalum kama kuwa asili yao.

2. Mji wa Yerusalemu – Ni wa nani?

Kihistoria, mji wa Yerusalemu umekuwa ukiishiwa na watu mbalimbali, wakiwemo Wakanaani, Wayebusi, na baadaye Wayahudi wakati wa Mfalme Daudi na Suleiman. Wapalestina wenyeji wameishi pia Yerusalemu kwa muda mrefu, na jiji limeendelea kuwa na maana kwa dini zote tatu kuu: Uyahudi, Ukristo, na Uislamu.

Katika historia ya kale, Wayahudi wanahusishwa na Yerusalemu kutokana na maandiko ya Kiyahudi kama Tanakh (Agano la Kale) yanayoeleza kuwa mji huo ulikuwa makao ya mfalme wa Israeli, Daudi, na mwanawe Suleiman. Wapalestina kwa upande mwingine wana historia ya kuishi kwenye ardhi hiyo kwa maelfu ya miaka, na wana asili ya jamii zilizokuwa katika eneo la Kanaani.

3. Msikiti wa Al-Aqsa na Dome of the Rock – Je, hapo awali palikuwa na Hekalu la Suleiman?

Kwa mujibu wa maandiko ya Kiyahudi, Hekalu la Kwanza lilijengwa na Mfalme Suleiman (King Solomon) huko Yerusalemu. Hili ndilo hekalu linaloaminika lilikuwa kwenye mlima wa hekalu (Temple Mount), ambako Dome of the Rock na Msikiti wa Al-Aqsa vimejengwa. Hekalu la Kwanza lilibomolewa na Wababeli, na Hekalu la Pili lilijengwa baadaye na Wayahudi, likaharibiwa na Warumi mwaka 70 BK. Dome of the Rock ilijengwa katika karne ya 7 BK na Waislamu, kwa hiyo ardhi hii ni takatifu kwa dini zote.

4. Ukuta wa Maombolezo – Ni wa Wayahudi au Wapalestina?

Ukuta wa Maombolezo (Western Wall) ni kipande cha ukuta wa nje wa Hekalu la Pili la Kiyahudi. Kwa hiyo kihistoria na kidini, unahusishwa zaidi na Wayahudi na ndio sababu unaitwa Ukuta wa Maombolezo, mahali wanapojumuika kwa ibada. Hata hivyo, maeneo yanayozunguka ukuta huo ni sehemu ya Yerusalemu ya Mashariki, ambayo Wapalestina wanadai kuwa ni eneo lao, kwa hiyo ardhi inakuwa na migogoro ya kisiasa na kiutamaduni.

5. Wayahudi walikuwa na ngozi nyeusi?

Historia ya kabila la Wayahudi inajumuisha makabila na asili mbalimbali. Kihistoria, baadhi ya tafiti zinaonyesha kwamba Wayahudi wa kale walikuwa na mchanganyiko wa rangi ya ngozi kutokana na kuishi katika maeneo tofauti na kujumuika na jamii nyingine za Mashariki ya Kati, Afrika ya Kaskazini, na sehemu nyingine. Kuna vikundi vya Wayahudi kama Wayahudi wa Ethiopia (Beta Israel) ambao wana asili ya Kiafrika. Baada ya muda, Wayahudi wengi walihamia sehemu mbalimbali, ikiwemo Ulaya, na wakaunganisha utamaduni wa wenyeji wa sehemu hizo, wakibadilika na kuonekana tofauti kimaumbile.

Waisraeli wa kisasa: Wengi wa Wayahudi wa leo wamechanganya asili kutokana na kuishi kwa vizazi kadhaa katika Ulaya, Afrika Kaskazini, na Asia ya Kati, na hii imesababisha utofauti wa kimaumbile na rangi kati yao.

  Kuhusu asili ya rangi ya ngozi ya Wayahudi wa kale na uhusiano wao na Wayahudi wa kisasa:

6. Asili na mabadiliko ya Wayahudi wa Kisasa:

Wayahudi wa kisasa wametokana na mchanganyiko wa jamii mbalimbali. Baada ya kutawanyika kwa Wayahudi katika maeneo tofauti (diaspora) kufuatia uvamizi wa Wababeli na baadaye Warumi, walitawanyika katika maeneo kama vile Ulaya (Ashkenazi), Afrika ya Kaskazini (Sephardi), na Mashariki ya Kati. Tofauti hizi za kijamii, kijiografia, na muda ziliathiri muonekano wa Wayahudi wa kisasa, na ndiyo maana kuna Wayahudi wenye ngozi nyeupe, rangi ya kati, na hata Wayahudi wa Kiafrika (kama Wayahudi wa Ethiopia).

7. Kama Wayahudi wa kale walikuwa na ngozi nyeusi:

Kihistoria, jamii nyingi za zamani zilizokuwa katika eneo la Mashariki ya Kati, ikiwemo Waisraeli, zilikuwa na rangi tofauti tofauti. Tafiti za vinasaba na historia za jamii zinaonyesha kuwa waliokuwa kwenye ukanda wa Mashariki ya Kati na Afrika Kaskazini kwa kawaida walikuwa na rangi ya ngozi ya kati hadi giza kiasi. Uhamaji, biashara, na mahusiano ya ndoa na makabila ya jirani pia yalichangia utofauti wa rangi ndani ya jamii ya Kiyahudi kwa karne nyingi.

8. Wayahudi wa Kiafrika na Waisraeli wa Kisasa:

Wayahudi wa Ethiopia (Beta Israel) na jamii nyingine za Kiafrika zinaamini kuwa wana uhusiano wa karibu na Wayahudi wa kale, na kuna tafiti zinazoonyesha kuwa wana uhusiano wa kijeni (genetic relation) na Wayahudi wa Mashariki ya Kati. Hii inamaanisha kuwa kuna uwezekano wa Wayahudi wa kale kuwa walikuwa na mchanganyiko wa rangi unaoweza kufanana na watu wenye ngozi nyeusi. Wayahudi wa Ashkenazi (Ulaya Mashariki) na Sephardi (Afrika ya Kaskazini na Hispania) wapo tofauti kimaumbile, hasa kutokana na asili ya maeneo waliyokulia kwa vizazi kadhaa na michanganyiko ya kizazi na wenyeji wa sehemu hizo.

Kwa ujumla, masuala haya ni changamano, na yanahusisha siyo tu historia, bali pia utambulisho wa kidini, na mgogoro wa kisiasa unaoendelea.

           Je wewe unajua nini kuhusu maswali haya tuandikie hapo chini..